View source for Henry S. Olcott Memorial Library

[[File:Library_reading_room.jpg|385px|thumb|right|Library reading room]]
The '''Henry S. Olcott Memorial Library''' is the national library of the [[Theosophical Society in America]]. It is in the [[L. W. Rogers Building]] on the [[Olcott (campus)|Olcott]] campus, located in Wheaton, Illinois. It is named after the President-Founder of the international [[Theosophical Society]], '''[[Henry Steel Olcott|Colonel Henry Steel Olcott]]'''.

The library catalog lists approximately 25,000 titles, including books, pamphlets, periodicals, and audiovisual materials. Library members throughout the United States can borrow items remotely. The library serves the public through participation in the RAILS (Reaching Across Illinois) Library System and the SWAN library consortium. The specialized collection is much in demand to university and public library patrons through interlibrary loan.

Information about the library is available on its '''[http://www.theosophical.org/library web page]'''.

== Founding of library ==
[[File:Library 1928.jpg|right|150px|thumb|Library in 1928]]

The basis for this library was established by [[L. W. Rogers]] while the organization, then called the [[American Theosophical Society]] (ATS), had its headquarters in Chicago. In 1923, he made a national appeal for donations of books, writing with his usual eloquence:
<blockquote>
A National Theosophical Society without a library is an absurdity. Our literature is the tangible expression of our philosophy and a fortress of spiritual strength. The American Theosophical Society should have the most complete library of theosophical and allied literature to be found in the nation. There are perhaps 200 books at headquarters ... Apparently, no systematic effort has ever been made to found a library that contains all the books that should be represented in such a collection.<ref>Joy Mills, ''100 Years of Theosophy: A History of the Theosophical Society in America'' (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1987), 88.</ref> 
</blockquote>

Many of the Society's local groups had previously established libraries, and circulation of books had been an important activity of the ATS since 1897. That year, four regional committees established for "propaganda work" were asked to take responsibility for circulating <u>"book-boxes"</u> among their branches (lodges). Each collection of texts was packed in a sturdy wooden box for shipping the lending libraries from one lodge to the next: 

::Lending Library Box I: Manuals 1-7 — The Ancient Wisdom , Esoteric Buddhism, Birth and Evolution of the Soul, In the Outer Court, Voice of the Silence, Bhagavad Gita, Light on the Path

::Lending Library Box II: Key to Theosophy,— Growth of the Soul, Building of the Kosmos, Self and its Sheaths, Plotinus, Orpheus, Four Great Religions, Upanishads, Path of Discipleship, First Steps in Occultism, Three Paths to Union

::Lending Library Box III: The Secret Doctrine, 3 vols. and index, Isis Unveiled, Pistis Sophia, The Esoteric Writings of T. Subba Rao<ref>Annie Besant, "Theosophical Work," ''Mercury'' 3.12 (August, 1897), 379-380.</ref> 

[[File:Olcott Library 1949.jpg|360px|right|thumb|Library around 1949]]
== Construction ==

When the Society moved to the Wheaton site in 1927, the south end of the building was expressly designed to house the library collection that was growing rapidly. The Society proposed to honor Mr. Rogers in 1932 by naming it the Rogers Library, but he preferred that it should be called the National Theosophical Library.<ref>"Addition to Headquarters Estate - Mr. Rogers Honored," ''The Theosophical Messenger'' 20.10 (October 1932), 227.</ref><ref>S.. A. C. <nowiki>[</nowiki>Sidney A. Cook<nowiki>[</nowiki>, "The National Theosophical Library," ''The American Theosophist'' 21.1 (January 1933), 21.</ref> In 1970, [[Joy Mills]] proposed renaming the library as '''"Olcott Library & Research Center"''' in honor of the Theosophical Society's Founder-President [[Henry Steel Olcott|Colonel Henry S. Olcott]].<ref>Joy Mills ''100 Years of Theosophy: A History of The Theosophical Society in America'' (Wheaton, Ill.: Theosophical Publishing House, 1987), 172.</ref> Under [[John Algeo]], the name was adjusted to the current phrasing.<ref>John Algeo "President's Annual Report 1998" ''The Quest'' 86 no.10 (October, 1998): 4.</ref> For many years the library served as the location for monthly public open houses and teas, at which the guests were entertained by musical performances and speakers.

=== Expansion in 1962-63 ===

In 1962-63, the library was expanded with an eighteen-foot extension. The new portion of the building was designed by a husband-wife team of architects, Lillian and Wilbur Leenhouts, who were members of the Milwaukee Theosophical Society. Their design retained the original decorative stone window by having it moved due south into the new curved end of the building. Construction was supervised by engineer [[George Linton]]. The extension included shelving, a meeting room, Rare Books Room, and storage room on the upper level adjoining the balcony. On the ground floor, there was space for a librarians' office and ranges of shelving. A basement was excavated under the entire library, providing space for additional storage and processing areas. For many years a portion of the basement served as a shipping room.

[[File:Library South.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Library expansion in 1963]]
[[Henry A. Smith]] wrote of the expansion project:
<blockquote>
Our policy is to develop our library into an outstanding facility, and we hope it will ultimately be of sufficient scope to attract students form universities and colleges for research work, not only in Theosophy, but in religion and in philosophy generally, including that of the sciences.

As a matter of foresight we are also including a division for microfilm library. It is our hope that we may receive from International Headquarters a copy of the microfilm library developed there. It will be of interest to our members that through the courtesy of the American Section a complete unit of microfilming equipment and microfilming reading equipment was sent to [[Adyar (campus)|Adyar]] as a gift for the [[Adyar Library and Research Centre|new library]] there.

The new addition to our library grew out of a legacy amounting to $51,000 received from an ardent reader, Mr. James Arnott, in 1956. Since then these funds have been earning interest for the Society, an it was necessary to add relatively little over and above the principal and interest. The contract for the new addition is $78,935.<ref>Henry A. Smith, "The National President's Annual Report: Library Addition" ''The American Theosophist'' 50.9 (September, 1962): 176-177.</ref>
</blockquote>

== Collection development ==

In 1968 Mrs. Seetha Neelakantan, formerly of the [[Adyar Library and Research Centre]], began work at the Olcott Library to expand the collection related to Eastern religions.<ref>N. Sri Ram, "Presidential Address," ''The Report of the Theosophical Society, 1968'' (Adyar, Chennai, India: Theosophical Publishing Company, 1969), 8.</ref> She supervised conversion of the shelf arrangement of that section to correspond to the modified Dewey Decimal System arrangement of Eastern religions books in Adyar. Support for her work was provided by [[The Kern Foundation]].

As new media became available over the years, the library collected appropriate items, including the output of the Audiovisual Department. Films, slides, audiocassettes, videocassettes, compact discs (CDs), digital video discs (DVDs), and links to digital copies have each, in turn, taken their places in the collection.

== Collections ==
[[File:Library_2.jpg|150px|thumb|right|Steps to balcony. Photo by Glenn Kujansuu.]]
The circulating book collections focus on Theosophy, the Theosophical Movement, world religions, philosophy, science, art, healing, and other topics of interest to members. The library has reference works, fiction, biographies, and a children's section. The audiovisual collection includes CDs, DVDs, and audio and video cassettes. Many of the media were recorded by the Audiovisual Department of the [[Theosophical Society in America]], but there are also fine commercially produced works and some from the Great Courses series.

The Rare Books Room has the volumes that [[Boris de Zirkoff]] used to edit the [[H. P. Blavatsky Collected Writings (book)|''H. P. Blavatsky Collected Writings'']], and also the library of [[Mary K. Neff]], along with many old and rare works.

== Programs and activities ==
From its earliest days, the library has been a center of activity in the TSA headquarters. For many years, monthly lectures were offered to the public with tea and entertainment. The staff have used the reading room for Christmas and Halloween parties. It has been the site for many weddings, and some memorial services, including that of [[Curuppumullage Jinarājadāsa]] in 1953. During summer conventions at the [[Olcott (campus)|Olcott campus]], the library has been a location for discussion groups and meetings. Wheaton lodges, including the current Wheaton Olcott Lodge, have used the library as a comfortable base for meetings.

In recent years, programs have included several webinar series, arts workshops, tea with the President, storytelling for children, a chess club, staff study groups, Sunday meditations, and a spiritual roundtable series. 
[[File:Librarians June 2000.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Elisabeth Trumpler, Michael Gomes, and Lakshmi Narayanaswami in June, 2000.]]
== Library catalog and affiliations ==

A '''library union catalog''' was first established in June, 2000. The Sellon family and [[The Kern Foundation|the Kern Foundation]] provided grants to fund a new automated library system that supported a Web-based catalog shared with the [[Krotona Library]] and the [[Emily Sellon Memorial Library]]. Librarians Elisabeth Trumpler of Olcott, Lakshmi Narayanaswami of the Krotona Institute and Michael Gomes of New York spent a week in training sessions before the system was implemented. 

Under the leadership of Marina Maestas, the library became a participant in the RAILS (Reaching Across Illinois) Library System and in the MAGIC (Multitype Automation Group in Cooperation) consortium of public, school, and other libraries. In 2017, the MAGIC libraries all joined the larger '''SWAN consortium''' (System Wide Automated Network) of 96 libraries in northern Illinois. Through SWAN, the library shares catalog and loan services, with a customized '''[https://catalog.swanlibraries.net/client/en_US/tod catalog interface]''' that displays a moving stream of new titles and links to many other features of the library web page. After joining SWAN, the circulation of Theosophical Society books to the general public quadrupled. 

The Olcott Library engages actively in '''interlibrary loans''', and its holdings can be viewed through OCLC Worldcat. The [[Krotona Library]] and the [[Emily Sellon Memorial Library]] are still tightly connected to the Olcott Library through this system. 

The library was for many years affiliated with the American Theological Libraries Association, and still works closely with the University of Chicago's '''Regenstein Library''', which has a strong collection of Theosophical works.

== Digitization and preservation projects ==

Digitization is directly linked with preservation and accessibility. The library prioritizes material for digitization projects by their unique content and how difficult they may be to locate elsewhere. By digitizing the material that is often considered more obscure, titles are made more accessible by scholars, researchers and students of Theosophy worldwide and, at the same time, the physical format is better preserved for posteriety.

=== Microfilm collaborations ===

During the library's long affiliation with the '''American Theological Libraries Association''', the two organizations collaborated on several projects to microfilm periodicals. An example is [[The Vahan (periodical)|''The Vahan'']]. A complete run of the journal was compiled with help from [[Alexandria West Library]], and then microfilmed at the ATLA facilities in Chicago. ATLA has been digitizing all its films, but access is allowed only by subscription.

[[File:Scanner.jpg|200px|right|thumb|BookEye 4 scanner]]
=== BookEye 4 Scanner ===

Library and Archives Departments worked together in 2014 to put together a proposal to purchase a BookEye 4 scanner for the digitization of books and periodicals. The model selected is a tabletop scanner (rather than a big booth or heavy-duty production scanner) that can produce TIFF, JPEG, or PDF output up to 17x24 (or A2) in size. It can scan a book held gently in a cradle or flat, and has software to remove fingermarks and curvature. Searchable PDF files created with this technology are stored in the [https://archive.org/details/@the_theosophical_society_in_america Internet Archive], cataloged as digital objects in the library catalog, and are also linked from the Theosophy Wiki. Funding was put together from a bequest by Don Campbell and a grant from [[The Kern Foundation]]. 

These are some of the materials that have been digitized using this scanner:

* '''[[General Reports of the Theosophical Society]]''', 1898-present.
* '''[[Blavatsky Lectures]]''', 1918-present. These are also available as a [https://archive.org/details/blavatsky-lectures Blavatsky Lecture special collection] found at Internet Archive.
* [[The International Theosophical Year Book (periodical)|'''''The International Theosophical Year Book''''']], 1937-1942.
* '''''Om: A Treatise on Vedantic Raj Yoga Philosophy''''' by [[Sabhapaty Swami]] from images of the rare volume owned by [[Henry Steel Olcott|Colonel Henry Steel Olcott]] and held by the [[Adyar Library and Research Centre]].
* '''''So Rich a Life''''', the Autobiography of [[Clara Codd]]. Scanned with permission of the TS in South Africa.
* [[The Theosophical Glossary (book)|'''''The Theosophical Glossary''''']] by [[Helena Petrovna Blavatsky]]. This copy was annotated by [[Boris de Zirkoff]]  from the Boris de Zirkoff Papers, Records 22, Theosophical Society in America Archives.
* '''Pamphlets and other lesser known works''' by [[Curuppumullage Jinarājadāsa|C. Jinarājadāsa]]. See [[Jinarājadāsa writings]] for links through Theosophy.wiki or visit the [https://archive.org/details/jinarajadasa C. Jinarajadasa special collection on Internet Archive].
* [https://archive.org/details/ReportOfSPNE1918 '''''Report of the Society for the Promotion of National Education 1918''''']. From the Kunz Family Collection, Records 25.01, Theosophical Society in America Archives.
* [https://archive.org/details/ReportOfSPNE1919 '''''Report of the Society for the Promotion of National Education 1919'''''].  From the Kunz Family Collection, Records 25.01, Theosophical Society in America Archives.
* '''[[The Theosophist (periodical)|''The Theosophist'']]''' - dozens of issues have been scanned in a project supporting a ProQuest database.

For more titles, including downloadable audio recordings, visit the Theosophical Society in America's [https://archive.org/details/@the_theosophical_society_in_america Internet Archive collections].

=== ProQuest ===

During 2015-2017, the library negotiated with the academic content provider [https://www.proquest.com/ ProQuest] to add the TSA's journals to the '''Religious Magazine Archive'''. In a massive effort, library staff packed up complete runs of [[The Theosophic Messenger (periodical)|''The Theosophic Messenger'']], [[Messenger (periodical)|''The Messenger'']], [[The Theosophical Messenger (periodical)|''The Theosophical Messenger'']], [[The American Theosophist (periodical)|''The American Theosophist'']], [[Quest (periodical)|''The Quest'']], and [[Quest (periodical)|''Quest'']] and sent them to the vendor for digitization. The earliest journal, [[Mercury (periodical)|''Mercury'']], was scanned in-house using the BookEye 4 scanner, because the issues were considered too fragile and rare to ship. By October, 2017, most of the issues had been loaded into the ProQuest database, where they are available at academic libraries around the world. Individuals can subscribe to the database, although it is expensive. The Olcott Library staff also has access, and can print or download articles for members.

== Book sales ==
Members frequently donate books, which are very welcome. Donations are carefully evaluated. Some are added to the circulating collection; some duplicates are stored for future use; and others are sold to raise money that is used for collection development. The library always has a few volumes for sale in the reading room, and others are sold during the Summer National Convention in July and at TheosoFest in September. Many volumes are listed in the library's  '''[https://www.abebooks.com/theosophical-society-library-wheaton-il-u.s.a/2766074/sf AbeBooks store]'''. All donations are tax-deductible.

== Video tour and tutorials ==

Library staff members have produced several videos to provide users with information needed to use library resources:

* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=IIp2RuaxnwY Take a Lively Tour Through the Henry S. Olcott Memorial Library]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=2DKJSXcd0K4 Tour the Henry S. Olcott Memorial Library Website]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=2DKJSXcd0K4 The "Browse" Function of the Library Catalog is a Powerful Tool]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=bfvhByNsiWY Introducing the Theosophical Society Wiki]

== Website and online resources ==

Many resources are available in the [http://www.theosophical.org/library '''Website for the library''']. A [https://www.theosophical.org/component/content/article/library/2031-browse-by-subject?Itemid=2031 '''Browse by Subject'''] feature and [https://www.theosophical.org/component/content/article/reading-lists/3199-reading-lists?Itemid=3199 '''Reading Lists'''] provide help to patrons who are looking for materials about a specific topic. There are also links to [https://www.theosophical.org/component/content/article/periodicals/3197-periodicals?Itemid=3197 '''Theosophical periodicals'''] and resources that are available online.

== Photo gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Library readers.jpg|Patrons in Reading Room.
File:Library_3.jpg|Balcony level. Photo by Glenn Kujansuu.
File:Library - stacks.JPG|Stacks on main floor.
File:Library - Indian dance performance.jpg|Indian dance performance.
File:Library - string duet performance.jpg|String duet performance.
File:Library meeting 2008.jpg|Discussion during 2008 convention.
</gallery>
== Notes ==
<references/>

[[Category:Libraries and research centers]]
[[Category:TS Adyar]]