View source for Help:Footnotes and references

Footnotes and reference lists are vitally important to the quality of a Theosophy Wiki article. In order to force a footnote to appear immediately after a quotation or stated fact, use this format:

::'''Text that needs a note.<nowiki><ref>This note cites a source or explains something in the text.</ref></nowiki>'''

It appears as a superscript number in square brackets immediately following the text, like this:

::'''Text that needs a note.<sup>[1]</sup>'''

In order for the footnote to appear, it is necessary to define a '''Notes''' section of the article:

::'''<nowiki>== Notes ==</nowiki>'''
::'''<nowiki><references/></nowiki>'''

Look at the first note in the [[#Notes|Notes section]] below to see the result of keying this in:

::'''Text that needs a note.<ref>This note cites a source or explains something in the text.</ref>

Clicking on the superscript takes the reader to the note, and clicking on the arrow next to the note number takes the reader back to the text tied to that note.

== Citations ==

Academic standards of writing require citation of source material in the form of footnotes, endnotes, or inline notations, so that the reader can refer back to source materials to verify facts. The Theosophy Wiki [[TS Wiki:Policies#Style|policy on style]] states that the most important thing about citations is to provide enough information that the original source can be located by readers. The '''''Chicago Manual of Style''''' has been applied in many of the early end notes and bibliographic entries, but it is not required. Editors of this wiki come from a wide range of academic disciplines and educational systems, and are accustomed to several different styles of citation. It is reasonable in this wiki to apply styles such as the APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), and Harvard systems. See the article [[Citation]] for much more information on citation styles.

Typically, the initial or main author of a wiki page determines the citation style, and subsequent editors should generally try to match that style.<br>'''For source materials that are available in print and on the Internet, it is preferable to provide citations including both.''' 

Here are links to style manuals and university guides online:
* [http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/home/html Chicago Manual of Style Online]  
* [http://www.apastyle.org/ APA Style]
* [http://www.mla.org/store/ MLA Style]
* [http://library.concordia.ca/help/howto/citations.html Concordia University Library]
* [http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab]

== Examples of citations ==

Refer to the [[#Notes|Notes section]] section below to see the citations.

* Author, title, publisher, and page of a book.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Theosophical Glossary'' (Krotona, CA: Theosophical Publishing House, 1973), 189-190.</ref>
* Author, title, publisher, and page of a book.<ref>Roderick Bradford, ''D. M. Bennett: The Truth Seeker'', (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2006), 53.</ref> 
* Subsequent note from same book.<ref>Bradford, 54.</ref>
* Author, title, publisher, and page of a book.<ref>A. O. Hume, ''Hints on Esoteric Theosophy'' vol. 1 (Bombay, India: The Theosophical Society, 1882), 29.</ref>
* Reference work with no author.<ref>''The International Theosophical Year Book 1938'' (Adyar, Madras, India: Theosophical Publishing House, 1938): 213.</ref>
* Subsequent note from same work.<ref>''Year Book 1938'', 213.</ref>
* Author and title of article from a book with an editor.<ref>Rukmini Devi Arundale, "Rukmini on Herself," ''Rukmini Devi Arundale: Birth Centenary Commemorative Volume'', Shakuntala Ramani, ed.,(Chennai, India: The Kalakshetra Foundation, 2003), 15-16.</ref>
* Unsigned article, in this case an obituary, from a periodical.<ref>"Lama Anagarika Govinda [obituary]," The American Theosophist 73:3 (March 1985): 86.</ref>
* Online periodical.<ref>Theosophical Order of Service, TOS In-Touch.online[http://international.theoservice.org/e-news/20/en20-00.html] No. 20 (February 2012), accessed February 28, 2012.</ref>
* Signed article on website.<ref>Pasang Y. Arya, interview by Sylvie Beguin,"Lha and the Lha ceremony," Tibetan Medicine Education Center, available at [http://www.tibetanmedicine-edu.org/index.php/n-articles/lha-and-lha-ceremony# Lha and the Lha ceremony].</ref>
* Recorded interview in an archival collection.<ref>Dora Kunz interview by Peter Michel, 1995, Tape recording, Records Series 08.10, Dora Kunz Papers, 
Theosophical Society in America Archives, Wheaton, Illinois. Transcription by Sue Wright.</ref>
* Letter in an archival collection.<ref>Annie Besant letter to Fritz Kunz, 1923, Records Series 25.01, Kunz Family Collection, Box 1 Folder 9, Theosophical Society in America Archives, Wheaton, Illinois.</ref>
* Archival material.<ref>Program Proposals, 1993, Records Series 05.07, Parliament of the World's Religions (1993), Theosophical Society in America Archives, Wheaton, Illinois.</ref>

== Bibliographies and other references ==

A bibliography or list of writings should be included in each article about a prominent writer. Publications details, notes about plots or contents, and links to online texts may be included. Works may be listed chronologically, topically, or alphabetically, and may be grouped by format (e.g. novels, Theosophical works, Sanskrit translations, poetry), language, publisher, or however is useful. Here are examples of bibliographies in various styles:

* Works of [[Mabel Collins]], listed chronologically:
** '''''An Innocent Sinner; a Psychological Romance'''''. London: Tinsley Bros., 1877. Available online at Google Books.[http://books.google.com/books?id=v90BAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:%22Mabel+Collins%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D2aQT6j6A-yC0QHp39nABQ&ved=0CGsQ6AEwBzgU#v=onepage&q=inauthor%3A%22Mabel%20Collins%22&f=false]
** '''''Our Bohemia'''''. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1879. 
** '''''Cobwebs'''''. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1882. Also printed with subtitle "Tales."
** '''''The Awakening'''''. London: Theosophical Publishing Society], 1906 and 1915. An account of how ''Light on the Path'' came to be.  Excerpted in [[The Temple Artisan (periodical)|The ''Temple Artisan'']] article "Death - Life's Great Portal." 

* Works of [[F. Otto Schräder]], the Adyar librarian who was awarded the [[Subba Row Medal]] for his scholarly contributions, listed chronologically:
** ''Die Fragen des Königs Menandros''. Berlin: Verlag von Paul Raatz, 1905.
** ''Erster (älterer) Teil''. Berlin: Paul Raatz, 1905. Series: Die Fragen des Königs Menandros / aus dem Pali zum ersten Mal ins Deutsche übers. von F. Otto Schrader.
** ''Tattvasarayana. An ancient Vedantic Itihasa. Issued in monthly parts''. Madras, 1906. Edited by a staff of Pandits under the superintendence of Dr. F. Otto Schrader. Sanskrit. O.P.C.L. Series No. 4.
** ''Bibliography of Sankhya-Yoga-Samuccaya Works''. Adyar: Madras, 1906. Appendix to the Upanishads.
** ''A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Adyar Library (Theosophical Society)''. Madras: Adyar Library, 1908. The Adyar Library Series No. 2.

* A bibliography for another [[Subba Row Medal]] recipient, [[Geoffrey Farthing]], is in alphabetic sequence. References to the original publications are not consistently available, but the list is still useful It lists titles of books and articles, with links to Internet versions:
** ''After-Death Consciousness and Processes'' Part 1 [http://hpb.narod.ru/AfterDeathConsciousnessA.htm] and Part 2 [http://hpb.narod.ru/AfterDeathConsciousnessB.htm]
** "Theosophy: Its Beneficent Potentialities" (2001 Blavatsky Lecture) [http://www.blavatskytrust.org.uk/html/a_blavatsky_lecture_2001.html],  [http://www.theosophical-society.org.uk/html/insight_articles/blavatsky_lecture_2001.html], and [http://hpb.narod.ru/TheosPotentialities.htm]
** "Truth Is One," ''Insight'' Autumn 2004 (Vol 45 No.3) [http://www.blavatskytrust.org.uk/html/articles/truthisone.htm] and [http://hpb.narod.ru/TruthIsOneGF.htm]



Here are examples of references in various styles:

* [http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=Brotherhood,_Great_White# Great White Brotherhood] at Theosopedia
[[Category:TSWiki infrastructure]]
== Notes ==
<references/>