Jīva - Revision history

Pablo Sender: Redirected page to Jiva

2017-07-06T18:51:37Z

Redirected page to Jiva

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 6 July 2017
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	'''Jiva''' (devanāgarī: जीव ''jīva'') is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		#redirect [[Jiva]]

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>

	~~== General description ==~~

	Jiva (or Jiv) is regarded as the universal principle of [[life]] manifested on the [[seven planes]]. This life is contained in every particle of [[matter]] though, in truth, life and matter are two aspects of the same reality:

	<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>

	Although sometimes Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] are treated as synonyms,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> the relationship between the two has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:

	<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to Prâṇa; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>

	However, there are also references to "Jivas" (in plural) as centers of consciousness--the reincarnating human [[Monad]]s<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref>--which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref> In this case the term seems to be used as an abbreviation of "Jīvātman" (see below). The confusion comes from the use of these words sometimes from the point of view of the occult teachings and at others from that of the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:

	<blockquote>The Jîva or the “life” of the Occultists and the Jîva or Jîvâtman (the only life or living soul) of the Vedântins are two ideas quite distinct one from the other . . . the Occultists call the second principle—Life—while the Vedântins, who do not recognize the Universal Life as the only Reality, and consider all the other Jîvas (or lives) as illusory, give that name only to the seventh principle—the divine monad in man—whose identity with the Parabrahm they maintain.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1997), 41.</ref></blockquote>

	~~== Jivatman ==~~

	~~A related concept is that of ''Jīvātman'', which frequently refers to the highest principle of unmanifested life--[[Ātman]]:~~

	<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the [[Seventh Principle\|seventh principle]] or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>

	~~In other occasions, "Jivatman" does not refer only to the seventh principle but rather to the [[Monad~~#~~The_dual_Monad\|dual Monad]] ''Atma-Buddhi''.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 581.</ref>~~

	However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> [[~~Helena Petrovna Blavatsky\|Mme. Blavatsky]] explained the reason for this use as follows:~~

	~~<blockquote>~~Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

	~~In agreement with this, [[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy, wrote:~~

	<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

	~~==Online Resources==~~
	~~===Articles===~~
	*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=J%C4%ABva# Jīva] at Theosopedia

	~~== Notes ==~~
	~~<references/>~~

	~~[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]~~
	~~[[Category:Theosophical concepts]]~~
	~~[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine]]~~
	~~[[Category:Hindu concepts~~]]

Pablo Sender at 18:51, 6 July 2017

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	'''Jiva''' (devanāgarī: जीव '''jīva'') is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		'''Jiva''' (devanāgarī: जीव ''jīva'') is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>		In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>

Pablo Sender at 18:50, 6 July 2017

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	'''~~Jīva~~''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		'''Jiva''' (devanāgarī: जीव '''jīva'') is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>		In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>

Pablo Sender: /* General description */

2013-12-24T16:45:36Z

General description

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	Although sometimes Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] are treated as synonyms,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> the relationship between the two has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:		Although sometimes Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] are treated as synonyms,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> the relationship between the two has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:

	<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to ~~PrâŠa~~; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to Prâṇa; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>

	However, there are also references to "Jivas" (in plural) as centers of consciousness--the reincarnating human [[Monad]]s<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref>--which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref> In this case the term seems to be used as an abbreviation of "Jīvātman" (see below). The confusion comes from the use of these words sometimes from the point of view of the occult teachings and at others from that of the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:		However, there are also references to "Jivas" (in plural) as centers of consciousness--the reincarnating human [[Monad]]s<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref>--which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref> In this case the term seems to be used as an abbreviation of "Jīvātman" (see below). The confusion comes from the use of these words sometimes from the point of view of the occult teachings and at others from that of the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:

Pablo Sender at 17:04, 15 November 2013

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Pablo Sender at 16:43, 15 November 2013

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	'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the [[Monad]],<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> ~~although the proper~~ term ~~for the latter~~ is Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>		In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the individualized life or [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> A related term is that of Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>

	== General description ==		== General description ==
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	<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>

			The relationship between Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:

			<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to PrâŠa; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>

			However, there are also references of "Jivas" as centers of consciousness, the reincarnating human Monads,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref> which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref>

			The confusion comes from the use of the term either from the point of view of the occult teachings or the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:

			<blockquote>The Jîva or the “life” of the Occultists and the Jîva or Jîvâtman (the only life or living soul) of the Vedântins are two ideas quite distinct one from the other . . . the Occultists call the second principle—Life—while the Vedântins, who do not recognize the Universal Life as the only Reality, and consider all the other Jîvas (or lives) as illusory, give that name only to the seventh principle—the divine monad in man—whose identity with the Parabrahm they maintain.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1997), 41.</ref></blockquote>

	== Jivatman ==		== Jivatman ==

	A related concept is that of Jīvātman, which refers to the highest principle of life--[[Ātman]]:		A related concept is that of Jīvātman, which frequently refers to the highest principle of unmanifested life--[[Ātman]]:

	<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>

	~~It has a similar usage to [[Atman]]~~, ~~but whereas ''ātman''~~ refers to "the ~~cosmic self", ''jīva'' is used to denote an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically. The terms ''~~[[~~Paramātma~~]]'' ~~and~~ ''~~jīvātma'' are used to avoid confusion~~.		In other occasions, it refers to the [[Monad#The_dual_Monad\|dual Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 581.</ref>

	However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> Mme. Blavatsky, in a note published in the August 1883 issue of ''The Theosophist'' (Vol. IV, No. 11, p. 282) explains the reason for this use:		However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> Mme. Blavatsky, in a note published in the August 1883 issue of ''The Theosophist'' (Vol. IV, No. 11, p. 282) explains the reason for this use:

Pablo Sender at 20:57, 14 November 2013

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	<blockquote>Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

	[[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy ~~says~~:		In agreement with this [[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy, wrote:

	<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

Pablo Sender at 20:54, 14 November 2013

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	'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]):<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref>		In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> However, sometimes the term is used in a more general way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the [[Monad]],<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref> although the proper term for the latter is Jīvātman.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref>

			== General description ==

			Jiva is regarded as the universal principle of [[life]] manifested on the [[seven planes]]. This life is contained in every particle of [[matter]] though, in truth, life and matter are two aspects of the same reality:

			<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>

			== Jivatman ==

			A related concept is that of Jīvātman, which refers to the highest principle of life--[[Ātman]]:

	<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>

	However, ~~sometimes~~ the ~~term~~ is used in a ~~more loose way to refer~~ to the ~~universal life,~~<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (~~Wheaton~~, IL: ~~Theosophical Publishing House~~, ~~1980~~), ~~607, fn~~.</ref> ~~or even~~ to the [[~~Monad~~]].<ref>~~Helena~~ Petrovna Blavatsky, ''~~The Secret Doctrine~~'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, ~~1993~~), ~~238~~.</ref>		It has a similar usage to [[Atman]], but whereas ''ātman'' refers to "the cosmic self", ''jīva'' is used to denote an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically. The terms ''[[Paramātma]]'' and ''jīvātma'' are used to avoid confusion.

			However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> Mme. Blavatsky, in a note published in the August 1883 issue of ''The Theosophist'' (Vol. IV, No. 11, p. 282) explains the reason for this use:

			<blockquote>Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

			[[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy says:

			<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

	==Online Resources==		==Online Resources==
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	== Notes ==		== Notes ==
	<references/>		<references/>


	[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]		[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]

Pablo Sender at 17:57, 21 February 2013

2013-02-21T17:57:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:57, 21 February 2013
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	'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.		'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

	In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]),<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> sometimes it refers to its source, the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> and in other occasions to the [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref>		In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the manifested "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]):<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref>

	~~== Notes ==~~		<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>

	<~~references~~/>		However, sometimes the term is used in a more loose way to refer to the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> or even to the [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref>

	==~~Further reading~~==		==Online Resources==
			===Articles===
			*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=J%C4%ABva# Jīva] at Theosopedia

	*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/~~index.php?title=J%C4%ABva# Jīva] at Theosopedia~~		== Notes ==
			<references/>

Pablo Sender: Created page with "'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a Sanskrit word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In Hinduism and Jainism, a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, ..."

2012-10-04T21:21:00Z

Created page with "'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a Sanskrit word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In Hinduism and Jainism, a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, ..."

New page

'''Jīva''' (devanāgarī: जीव) is a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "soul, life, vital breath". In [[Hinduism]] and [[Jainism]], a jiva is a living being, or more specifically, the immortal essence of a living organism (human, animal, fish or plant etc.) which survives physical death. It has a similar usage to atma, "the cosmic self", although jīva denotes an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.

In [[Theosophy]] this word is frequently used as a synonym of the "life-principle" ([[prāṇa]]),<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> sometimes it refers to its source, the universal life,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 607, fn.</ref> and in other occasions to the [[Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 238.</ref>

== Notes ==

<references/>

==Further reading==

*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=J%C4%ABva# Jīva] at Theosopedia

[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]
[[Category:Theosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine]]
[[Category:Hindu concepts]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:04, 15 November 2013
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	== General description ==		== General description ==

	Jiva is regarded as the universal principle of [[life]] manifested on the [[seven planes]]. This life is contained in every particle of [[matter]] though, in truth, life and matter are two aspects of the same reality:		Jiva (or Jiv) is regarded as the universal principle of [[life]] manifested on the [[seven planes]]. This life is contained in every particle of [[matter]] though, in truth, life and matter are two aspects of the same reality:

	<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jiva—in its universal aspect—has, like Prakriti, its seven forms, or what we have agreed to call “principles.” Its action begins on the plane of the Universal Mind (Mahat) and ends in the grossest of the Tanmatric five planes—the last one, which is ours. Thus though we may, repeating after Sankhya philosophy, speak of the seven prakritis (or “productive productions”) or after the phraseology of the Occultists of the seven jivas—yet, both Prakriti and Jiva are indivisible abstractions, to be divided only out of condescension for the weakness of our human intellect.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IX (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1974), fn. 77.</ref></blockquote>

	~~The relationship between~~ Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:		Although sometimes Jiva and [[Prāṇa]] are treated as synonyms,<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 111.</ref> the relationship between the two has been explained by Mme. Blavatsky as follows:

	<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to PrâŠa; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jîva becomes Prâna only when the child is born. . . . As an example, a sponge may be immersed in an ocean; the water in the sponge’s interior may be compared to PrâŠa; the water outside is Jîva.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. XII (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1980), 707.</ref></blockquote>

	However, there are also references of "Jivas" as centers of consciousness, the reincarnating human ~~Monads,~~<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref> which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref>		However, there are also references to "Jivas" (in plural) as centers of consciousness--the reincarnating human [[Monad]]s<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 216.</ref>--which are sometimes called the "Imperishable Jivas".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 218.</ref> In this case the term seems to be used as an abbreviation of "Jīvātman" (see below). The confusion comes from the use of these words sometimes from the point of view of the occult teachings and at others from that of the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:

	The confusion comes from the use of ~~the term either~~ from the point of view of the occult teachings or the [[Advaita Vedānta]]. As Mme. Blavatsky wrote:

	<blockquote>The Jîva or the “life” of the Occultists and the Jîva or Jîvâtman (the only life or living soul) of the Vedântins are two ideas quite distinct one from the other . . . the Occultists call the second principle—Life—while the Vedântins, who do not recognize the Universal Life as the only Reality, and consider all the other Jîvas (or lives) as illusory, give that name only to the seventh principle—the divine monad in man—whose identity with the Parabrahm they maintain.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1997), 41.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>The Jîva or the “life” of the Occultists and the Jîva or Jîvâtman (the only life or living soul) of the Vedântins are two ideas quite distinct one from the other . . . the Occultists call the second principle—Life—while the Vedântins, who do not recognize the Universal Life as the only Reality, and consider all the other Jîvas (or lives) as illusory, give that name only to the seventh principle—the divine monad in man—whose identity with the Parabrahm they maintain.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1997), 41.</ref></blockquote>
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	== Jivatman ==		== Jivatman ==

	A related concept is that of Jīvātman, which frequently refers to the highest principle of unmanifested life--[[Ātman]]:		A related concept is that of ''Jīvātman'', which frequently refers to the highest principle of unmanifested life--[[Ātman]]:

	<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the seventh principle or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Esoteric Buddhists or Arhats, recognizing but one life, ubiquitous and omnipresent, call by the name of “Jiv,” the manifested life, the second principle; and by Atman or Jivatman, the [[Seventh Principle\|seventh principle]] or unmanifested life.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 547.</ref></blockquote>

	In other occasions, ~~it refers~~ to the [[Monad#The_dual_Monad\|dual Monad]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 581.</ref>		In other occasions, "Jivatman" does not refer only to the seventh principle but rather to the [[Monad#The_dual_Monad\|dual Monad]] ''Atma-Buddhi''.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. IV (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1991), 581.</ref>

	However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> Mme. Blavatsky~~, in a note published in the August 1883 issue of ''The Theosophist'' (Vol. IV, No. 11, p. 282) explains~~ the reason for this use:		However, in the [[The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett (book)\|Mahatma Letters]] ''jīvātma'' is sometimes used as a synonym of [[prāṇa]].<ref>Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., ''The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett in chronological sequence'' LBS-Appendix II (Quezon City: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 510.</ref> [[Helena Petrovna Blavatsky\|Mme. Blavatsky]] explained the reason for this use as follows:

	<blockquote>Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>Jiva or Prana (Life principle). The word “Jivatma,” used only by the Buddhists, who make no difference between manifested and unmanifested Life outside of Esotericism, was through oversight erroneously used in Fragment No. I, and since then rectified. Jivatma is the 7th principle with the Vedantees and the Theosophists have agreed to use it but in the latter sense.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. V (Los Angeles, CA: Philosophical Research Society, 1950), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>

	In agreement with this [[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy, wrote:		In agreement with this, [[T. Subba Row]], an early [[Theosophist]] and [[Occultism\|occultist]] belonging to the [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy, wrote:

	<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>The term Jîvâtma is generally applied by our philosophers to the seventh principle when it is distinguished from Paramâtma or Parabrahman.<ref>Helen Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. III (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1968), 409-410.</ref></blockquote>